ПРАВО НА ПЛАНИРАЊЕ ПОРОДИЦЕ - КОНТРАЦЕПТИВНА СТЕРИЛИЗАЦИЈА/ RIGHT TO FAMILY PLANNING – CONTRACEPTIVE STERILIZATION

Abstract

Posledice sterilizacije (kao preventivne metode kontrole ra anja) i teorijska razmatranja o pravnom režimu koji je prati, u domenu reproduktivnih i seksualnih prava, fokusirana su na evropsko i me unarodno pravo ljudskih prava, a u nacionalnim okvirima usmerena su, na porodicno pravo i medicinsko pravo. Kontraceptivna sterilizacija nema jedinstvenu regulativu: u pojedinim pravnim sistemima sterilizacija se smatra dozvoljenom jer nije zabranjena, u drugim je nedopuštena, dok je u trecim pravni status sterilizacije nejasan. Pravo na planiranje porodice u negativnom pravcu podrazumeva pravo svakog pojedinca da odluci o nacinu zaštite od neželjene trudnoce. Dobrovoljna sterilizacija je hirurški postupak sa posledicama na plodnost koje mogu biti privremenog ili trajnog karaktera. U slucaju povrede prava na samoodre enje, prava na informisanost i pristup bezbednim, dostupnim i e kasnim nacinima planiranja porodice u praksi Evropskog suda za ljudska prava uspostavljaju se mehanizmi zaštite povodom kršenja ljudskih prava pripadnika osetljivih kategorija lica koja su podvrgnuta prinudnoj steriliziciji.

Autonomy of individuals and the protection of particularly vulnerable groups, the well-being and reduction of risk in the sterilization process implies that for voluntary, informed choice, special attention should be paid to young people, women who have not given birth, men without o - spring and conducted counseling on the intended sterilization and available alternative and e ective methods. e use of sterilization for contraceptive purposes is a legitimate medical intervention in most modern legislations that have the discretion to regulate the implementation of the sterilization procedure. Mechanisms for protection of the right to dignity of every individual in case of violation of the right to self-determination are established in the practice of the European Court of Human Rights which in several cases decided on the merits of human rights violations of vulnerable persons the eld of free assessment was exceeded by a member state of the Council of Europe States seek to strike a balance between con icting public and private interests and rights, subject to necessity and proportionality. Sterilization of certain categories of persons: minors, persons with mental disabilities, transgender persons, members of Roma national minority, raises issue of protection of reproductive health from illegal practices in legal systems of certain countries.