Effect of different doses of nitrogen fertilizer and variety on the yield and grain quality of winter triticale

Abstract

The effect of different doses of nitrogen fertilizers and variety on the yield and grain quality of winter triticale is given in this paper. The study was carried out in the vicinity of Bijelo Polje (Montenegro) during three growing seasons (2009/12.). The research included five varieties of triticale (Odissey, Kg-20, Triumph, Rtanj and Tango) and five variants of fertilization: control (without fertilization), N60, N60P80K80, N90P80K80 and N120P80K80. The experiment was set up as randomized block system in three replications. The grain yield, hectoliter weight and 1000 grain mass were monitored. The results of the study showed that both the variety and the different amounts of nitrogen, in combination with phosphorus and potassium, had a significant impact on grain yield and its quality. The highest average grain yield and a 1000 grains mass had the variety Tango (5304.0 kg ha-1 ) or 47.9 g, while the lowest values of these characteristics were noted in the variety Kg-20 (4366.2 kg ha-1 and 32.7 g). On average, for all tested varieties, the highest grain yield was obtained in fertilization with 120 kg ha-1 nitrogen, but it was significantly higher only in relation to the control and the variant of fertilization where the minimum nitrogen (60 kg ha-1 ) was used. The highest average hectoliter weight had the variety Triumph (72.1 kg), and the lowest variety Kg-20 (66.5 kg). Also, it was noted that the use of fertilizers caused an increase in hectoliter weight in the tested varieties. The N60P80K80 rate was found to be economically optimal for these varieties of winter triticale in this area.