PRODUKTIVNOST I KVALITET ZRNA SORTI TRITIKALEA PRI RAZLIČITIM KOLIČINAMA MINERALNE ISHRANE

Abstract

U radu je prikazan uticaj sorte i različitih doza primenjenog azota na prinos zrna i sadržaj proteina u zrnu ozimog tritikalea. Ogled je bio postavljen u periodu od 2010. do 2012. godine na severu Crne Gore, u okolini Bijelog Polja. Istraživanje je obuhvatalo 5 sorti ozimog tritikalea (Odisej, Kg-20, Trijumf, Rtanj i Tango) i sledeće varijante đubrenja: kontrola (bez đubrenja), samo azot u količini od 60 kg ha-1 i azot u količinama od 60 i 90 kg ha-1 u kombinaciji sa istom količinom fosfora i kalijuma (80 kg ha-1 ). Najmanji prosečan prinos zrna dobijen je na varijanti bez đubrenja – kontroli. Upotreba đubriva, kod svih ispitivanih sorti, dovela je do vrlo značajnog povećanja prinosa na svim varijantama u poređenju sa kontrolom. Najmanji prosečan prinos ostvarila je sorta Kg-20, a najveći sorta Tango. Najveći sadržaj proteina kod svih sorti ostvaren je na varijanti đubrenja gde je upotrebljen samo azot u količini od 60 kg ha-1 . Najveći sadržaj proteina u zrnu, u proseku za sve varijante đubrenja, imala je sorta Trijumf. Podaci o ostvarenim prinosima i sadržaju proteina u zrnu, u zavisnosti od sorte i upotrebljene doze đubriva, govore o odlikama pojedinih sorti i mogu služiti kao kriterijum za izbor najpogodnije sorte za određene agroekološke uslove. Ovo je posebno značajno za gazdinstva orijentisana ka uzgoju stoke kojima obezbeđenje dovoljne količine kvalitetne hrane predstavlja prioritet

This paper presents the influence of varieties and different doses of applied nitrogen on grain yield and protein content of triticale. The experiment was set in the period from 2010 to 2012 in the north of Montenegro, in the vicinity of Bijelo Polje. The research included 5 varieties of winter triticale (Odyssey, Kg-20, Triumph, Rtanj and Tango) originating from different breeding houses and the following varieties of fertilization: control (without fertilization), only nitrogen in the amount of 60 kg ha-1 and nitrogen in the amount of 60 and 90 kg ha-1 in combination with the same amount of phosphorus and potassium (80 kg ha-1). The results of the study showed that the lowest average grain yield was obtained in the non-fertilizing variant - control. The use of fertilizers in all tested varieties has led to a very significant increase in yield in all variants compared to control. The Kg-20 variety had the lowest average yield, and the Tango variety had the highest. The highest average protein content was achieved in the fertilizer variant where only nitrogen was used in the amount of 60 kg ha-1. Among the researched varieties, the Triumph variety had the highest protein content in the grains. The data on the achieved yields and the content of protein in grains, depending on the variety and the used doses of fertilizer, indicate the characteristics of individual varieties and can serve as a criterion for the selection of the most suitable variety for certain agroecological conditions. This is particularly important for cattle-oriented farms, where the main priority is to ensure a sufficient amount of quality food.